AMUCHMA-NEWSLETTER-9 (references)
(please note in issue 10, there is an extensive Bibliography on Astronomy in Africa south of the Sahara)
Adaaku, J. (1982): The mathematical heritage of the Tiv people, M.Ed. project, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (Nigeria)
Akin, F. and Fapenle, I.(1985): Indigenous mathematics: a case study of the Aweri community of Ogun state, Nigeria, B.Sc. project, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (Nigeria)
Ale, Sam O. (1989): Mathematics in rural societies, in: C.Keitel, P.Damerow, A.Bishop, P.Gerdes (ed.), Mathematics, Education, and Society, UNESCO, Paris, 1989, 35-38
Almeida, António de (1947): Sobre a matemática dos indígenas da Guiné Portuguesa, In: Boletim Cultural da Guiné Portuguesa, Lisbon, Vol.6, 389-440
Anonymous (1987): Traditioneller Wohnungbau in Afrika, IRB Verlag, Stuttgart, 99 p.
Anzenge, H.H., Bako, D.W., Ezenduka, P.N., Nyomo, D.J., and Sambo, M.H. (1988): Indigenous mathematical algorithms, B.Ed. project, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (Nigeria)
D'Ambrosio, Ubiratan (1985a): Socio-cultural bases for mathematics education, University of Campinas, Campinas (Brazil), 103 p.
D'Ambrosio, Ubiratan (1985b): Ethnomathematics and its place in the history of mathematics, in: For the Learning of Mathematics, Montreal, Vol.5, No.1, p.44-48
Armstrong, R.G. (1962): Yoruba numerals, Oxford University Press, Ibadan
Armstrong, R.G. & Bamgbose, Ayo (1971): Mathematical concepts in Yoruba, a manual for Yoruba teachers, Institute of African Studies, University of Ibadan, 14 p.
Ascher, Marcia (1984): Mathematical ideas in non-western cultures, in: Historia Mathematica, Vol.11, New York, 76-80
Ascher, Marcia (1988): Graphs in cultures (II): a study in ethno-mathematics, in: Archive for History of Exact Sciences, Berlin, Vol.39, no.1, 75-95
Ascher, Marcia (1990): A River-Crossing Problem in Cross-Cultural Perspective, in: Mathematics Magazine, (USA), Vol.63, No.1, 26-29
Ascher, Marcia (1991): Ethnomathematics: a multicultural view of mathematical ideas, Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, New York
Atkins, W.J. (1961): Notes on the concords and classes of Bantu numerals, in: African Language Studies, London, Vol.2, 42-48
Baker, Philip (ed.) (1987): International Guide to African Studies Research, Hans Zeller Publishers, London, 264 p.
Ballou, K. (1978): Règles et stratégies du jeu d'áwélé, Nouvelles Éditions Africaines, Abidjan
Baumann, Hermann (1935): Lunda, bei Bauern und Jagern in Inner-Angola, Wurfel Verlag, Berlin
Béart, Charles (1955): Jeux et jouets de l'Ouest Africain (2 volumes); IFAN, Dakar, 800 p.
Beidelman, T.O. (1963): Kaguru time reckoning: an aspect of the cosmology of an East African people, in: Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, Vol.19, 9-20
Bell, Robbie & Cornelius, Michael (1988): Board games round the world, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 124 p.
Bentley, A. (1977): Symmetry in pattern reproduction by Scottish and Kenyan children, in: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 8(4), 415-424
Bernal, Martin (1987): Black Athena, the Afroasiatic roots of classical civilization, Vol.1: The fabrication of Ancient Greece 1785-1985, Free Assocation Books, London, 576 p.
Bishop, Alan (1988a): Mathematical enculturation, a cultural perspective on mathematics education, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, etc., 195 p.
Bishop, Alan (ed.) (1988b): Mathematics Education and Culture, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, etc. , 286 p.
Bogoshi, Jonas; Naidoo, Kevin; Webb, John (1987): The oldest mathematical artefact, in: The Mathematical Gazette, London, Vol.71, 294
Bohannan, P. (1953): Concepts of time among the Tiv of Nigeria, in: Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, Vol.9, 251-262
Booth, N. (1975): Time and change in African traditional thought, in: Journal of Religion in Africa, Vol.VII, Fasc.2, 81-91
Bureau, René & Denyse de Saivre (1988): Apprentissage et cultures, les manières d'apprendre (Colloque de Cerisy), Éditions Karthala, Paris
Campbell, Paul (1977): An experimental course on African mathematics, in: Historia Mathematica, New York, Vol.3, 477-478
Careccio, John (1970): Mathematical heritage of Zambia, in: The Arithmetic Teacher (USA), 391-395
CASME (1975): Languages and the teaching of science and mathematics with special reference to Africa, Accra
Centner, Th. (1963): L'Enfant Africain et ses jeux, CEPSI, Lubumbashi, Zaire, 400 p.
Cherinda, Marcos (1991): Mathematical Olympiads in Mozambique (1981-1990), paper presented at the 8th Symposium of the Southern African Mathematical Sciences Association, Maputo
Chumovsky, T. & Jirmounsky, J. (1957): Ahmad Ibn-Madjid - O piloto árabe de Vasco da Gama. Três roteiros desconhecidos, Academy of Sciences, Leningrad
Crane, Louise (1982): African games of strategy, a teaching manual, African Outreach Series, No.2, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 53 p.
Crowe, Donald (1971): The geometry of African art I. Bakuba art, in: Journal of Geometry, München (FRG), Vol.1, 169-182
Crowe, Donald (1973): Geometric symmetries in African art, in: Zaslavsky, Claudia (1973), 190-196
Crowe, Donald (1975): The geometry of African art II. A catalog of Benin patterns, in: Historia Mathematica, New York, Vol.2, 253-271
Crowe, Donald (1982a): The geometry of African art III. The smoking pipes of Begho, in: C.Davis, B.Grunbaum, F.Sherk (ed.), The geometric vein, the Coxeter Festschrift, Springer Verlag, New York, 177-189
Crowe, Donald (1982b): Symmetry in African art, in: Ba Shiru, Journal of African Languages and Literature, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Vol.3, No.1, 57-71
Crowe, Donald (1987): Review of 'Mancala games' (Russ) and 'Code of the Quipu' (Ascher & Ascher), in: The Mathematical Intelligener, New York, Vol.9, No.2, 68-70
Culin, Stewart (1894): Mancala, the national game of Africa, in: Smithsonian Institution, Washington, June 30, 597-606
Delafosse, Maurice (1928): La numération chez les Nègres, in: Africa, Journal of the International Institute of African Languages, Vol.1, No.3, 387-390
Deledicq, A. & Popova, A. (1977): Wari et solo. Le jeu de calcul africain, Cedic, Paris
Denyer, Susan (1978): African traditional architecture, Heinemann, London, Ibadan, Nairobi, 210 p.
Deregowski, Jan (1972): The role of symmetry in pattern reproduction by Zambian children, in: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 3(3), 303-307
Deregowski, Jan (1974a): Teaching African children pictorial depth perception: in search of a method, in: Perception, Vol.3, 309-312
Deregowski, Jan (1974b): Effects of symmetry upon reproduction of Kohs-type figures: an African study, in: British Journal of Psychology, 65(1), 93-102
Deregowski, Jan (1976): Coding and drawing of simple geometric stimuli by Bukusu school-children in Kenya, in: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Washington, Vol.7, No.2, 195-208
Deregowski, Jan (1980): Experienced and inexperienced model makers. Model-making and drawing in Rhodesia, in: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Washington, Vol.11, No. 2, 189-202
Diop, Cheikh Anta (1960): L'Afrique noire pré-coloniale, Présence Africaine, Paris (revised edition: 1987), 278 p.
Diop, Cheik Anta (1981): Civilisation ou Barbarie, anthropologie sans complaisance, Présence Africaine, Paris, 526 p; English version: Civilization or barbarism, an authentic anthropology, Lawrence Hill, Brooklyn, NY, 1991.
Djebbar, Ahmed (1992): Sur l'histoire des mathématiques dans le nord de l'Afrique (to be published in the AMUCHMA Newsletter)
Doumbia, Salimata a.o.(1984): Mathématiques dans l'environnement socio-culturel Africain, Institut de Recherches Mathématiques d'Abidjan
Doumbia, Salimata (1989a): Review of Béart's 'Jeux et jouets de l'ouest africain', in: AMUCHMA 3, 6-8
Doumbia, Salimata (1989b): Mathematics in traditional African games, in: C.Keitel, P.Damerow, A.Bishop, P.Gerdes (ed.), Mathematics, Education, and Society, UNESCO, Paris, 174-175
Draisma, Jan (1985): Curriculum development in the People's Republic of Mozambique - the case of mathematics, INDE, Maputo, 12 p.
Draisma, Jan a.o. (1986): Mathematics Education in Mozamique, Proceedings SAMSA 4, Kwaluseni (Swaziland), 56-96
Driedger, Walter (1972): The game of Bao or Mankala in East Africa, in: Mila Vol.3, No.1, 7-17. Institute of African Studies, University of Nairobi
Dundas, Charles (1926): Chagga Time-Reckoning, in: Man, London, Vol.87-88, 140-143
Eglash, Ron & Broadwell, Peter (1989): Fractal Geometry in Traditional African Architecture in: The Dynamics Newsletter, Santa Cruz Ca., July 1989, 3-8
El Sawi, M. (1978): Change in Mathematics Education since the late 1950's - ideas and realisation: Sudan, in: Educational Studies in Mathematics, Dordrecht / Boston, Vol.9, No.3, 317-330
El Tom, Mohammad (1979): The proliferation and popularization of mathematical results: the needs of the underdeveloped countries, in: Mathematics and the real world, Birkhauser, Basel, 54-57
El Tom, Mohammad (1983): Problems of curriculum development in Sudan, in: Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress on Mathematical Education, Boston, 366-368
El Tom, Mohammad (1984): The role of Third World University Mathematics institutions in promoting mathematics, paper presented at the 5th International Congress on Mathematical Education, Adelaide (mimeo)
Enukoha, I. (1979): The mathematical heritage of the Igbos, M.Ed. project, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (Nigeria)
Eshiwani, George (1979): The goals of mathematics teaching in Africa: a need for re-examination, in: Prospects, UNESCO, Paris, Vol.IX, No.3, 346-352
Eshiwani, George (1983): A study of the goals of mathematics education in Africa, Kenyatta University College, Nairobi, 37 p.
Etuk, E. (1967): The development of number concepts, an examination of Piaget's theory with Yoruba Nigerian children, Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Columbia Teachers College
Fataki, Kawalie Massane (1991): Mathematics in the daily lifes of Afrikans, in: Research Notes on Africa, Institute for Independent Education, Washington, 28-33
Fauvel, John & Gerdes, Paulus (1990): African Slave and Calculating Prodigy: Bicentenary of the Death of Thomas Fuller, in: Historia Mathematica, New York, Vol.17, No.2, 141-151
Fauvel, John & Gray, Jeremy (1987): The history of mathematics - a reader, Macmillan, London, 628 p.
Ferreira, Eduardo S. (1982): Mathematics in ethnoscience and education, Carimath Conference, Paramaribo (mimeo), 3 p.
Fontinha, Mário (1983): Desenhos na areia dos Quiocos do Nordeste de Angola, Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, Lisbon, 304 p.
Frankenstein, Marilyn & Powell, Arthur (1989): Mathematics education and society: empowering on-traditional students, in: C.Keitel, P.Damerow, A.Bishop, P.Gerdes (ed.), Mathematics, Education, and Society, UNESCO, Paris, 157-159
Gafai, M.M. (1987): Basic mathematical knowledge of unschooled adults of Katsina State, M.Ed. project, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (Nigeria)
Gay, John & Cole, Michael (1967): The new mathematics and an old culture, a study of learning among the Kpelle of Liberia, Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York, 100 p.
Gay, John & Welmers, William (1971): Mathematics and logic in the Kpelle language, Institute of African Studies, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Occasional Publication no.21
Gerdes, Paulus (1980a): Mathematics Education in the People's Republic of Mozambique, in: Materialien zur Analyse der Berufspraxis des Mathematikers, Bielefeld, Vol.25, 127-142
Gerdes, Paulus (1980b): Mathematik in Mozambique: Bildung und Mathematik-unterricht, in: Materialien zur Analyse der Berufspraxis des Mathematikers, Bielefeld, Vol.25, 143-275
Gerdes, Paulus (1981): Changing mathematics education in Mozambique, in: Educational Studies in Mathematics, Dordrecht/ Boston, Vol.12, 455-477
Gerdes, Paulus (1984): The first mathematics olympiads in Mozambique, in: Educational Studies in Mathematics, Dordrecht / Boston, Vol.15, No.2, 149-172
Gerdes, Paulus (1985a): Zum erwachenden geometrischen Denken, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, 267 p. (mimeo)
Gerdes, Paulus (1985b): Three alternate methods of obtaining the Ancient Egyptian formula for the area of the circle, in: Historia Mathematica, New York, Vol.12, p.261-268
Gerdes, Paulus (1986a): How to recognize hidden geometrical thinking: a contribution to the development of 'antropological mathematics', in: For the Learning of Mathematics, Montreal, Vol.6, No.2, 10-12, 17
Gerdes, Paulus (1986b): On culture, mathematics and curriculum development in Mozambique, in: S.Mellin-Olsen & M.J.Hoines (ed.),Mathematics and Culture, a seminar report, Caspar Forlag, Radel, 15-42
Gerdes, Paulus (1987): Sobre o despertar do pensamento geométrico, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, 284 p. (mimeo)
Gerdes, Paulus (1988a): On some possible uses of traditional Angolan sand drawings in the mathematics classroom [1], in: Abacus, the Journal of the Mathematical Association of Nigeria, Ilorin (Nigeria), Vol.18, No.1, 107-125
Gerdes, Paulus (1988b): On possible uses of traditional Angolan sand drawings in the mathematics classroom [2], in: Educational Studies in Mathematics, Dordrecht / Boston, Vol.19, 3-22
Gerdes, Paulus (1988c): A widespread decorative motif and the Pythagorean Theorem, in: For the Learning of Mathematics, Montreal, Vol.8, No.1, 35-39
Gerdes, Paulus (1988d): On culture, geometrical thinking and mathematics education, in: Educational Studies in Mathematics, Dordrecht /Boston, Vol.19, No.3, 137-162; and in: Bishop, A. (1988b.), 137-162
Gerdes, Paulus (1989a): Ethnomathematische Studien, Higher Pedagogical Institute, Maputo, 1989, (mimeo) 360 p.
Gerdes, Paulus (1989b): The use of ethnomathematics in the classroom (partial transcription),in: Proceedings of a Conference on the Politics of Mathematics Education, NECC Mathematics Commission, Cape Town, 26-36
Gerdes, Paulus (1989c): Desenhos tradicionais na areia em Angola e seus possíveis usos na aula de matemática, in: BOLEMA, Rio Claro (Brasil), Special No.1, 51-77
Gerdes, Paulus (1990a): Vivendo a matemática: desenhos da África, Editora Scipione, São Paulo (Brasil), 64 p.
Gerdes, Paulus (1990b): On the teaching of the history of mathematics in Mozambique, in: Teacom News, Loughborough, No.3, 3-4
Gerdes, Paulus (1990c): Ethnogeometrie. Kulturanthropologische Beitrage zur Genese und Didaktik der Geometrie, Verlag Barbara Franzbecker, Bad Salzdetfurth, 347 p.
Gerdes, Paulus (1990d): On mathematical elements in the Tchokwe 'sona' tradition, in: For the Learning of Mathematics, Montreal, Vol.10. No.1, 31-34
Gerdes, Paulus (1990e): On ethnomathematics and the history of mathematics in Africa, presented at the 17th International Congress of Historical Sciences, Madrid, 26.8.1990-2.9.1990, 10 p.
Gerdes, Paulus (1990f): Survey of recent ethnomathematical research in Mozambique (1986-1990), SAREC-research report, 9 p.
Gerdes, Paulus (1991a): Lusona: recreações geométricas de Africa, Higher Pedagogical Institute, Maputo, 117 p.
Gerdes, Paulus (1991b): Fivefold Symmetry and (basket)weaving in various cultures, in: I.Hargittai (ed.), Fivefold symmetry in a cultural context, World Scientific Publishing, Singapore, 243-259
Gerdes, Paulus (1991c): On ethnomathematical research and symmetry, in: Symmetry: culture and science, Budapest, Vol.1 (forthcoming)
Gerdes, Paulus (1991d): On mathematical elements in the Tchokwe drawing tradition, in: Afrika Matematika, Benin City (Nigeria), Series 2, Vol.3, 119-130
Gerdes, Paulus (1991e): On mathematical elements in the Tchokwe 'sona' drawing tradition, in: Discovery and Innovation (African Academy of Sciences), Nairobi, Vol.3, No.1, 29-36
Gerdes, Paulus (1991f): Geometry of African SONA: History, Education, Recreation, Artistic Design, 130 p. (forthcoming)
Gerdes, Paulus (1991g): Lusona: geometrical recreations of Africa / récréations géométriques d'Afrique, Higher Pedagogical Institute, Maputo, 117 p. (in press)
Gillings, Richard (1972): Mathematics in the time of the Pharaohs, Dover-reprint, New York, 288 p.
Ginsburg, Herbert (1978): Poor children, African mathematics, and the problem of schooling, in: Educational Research Quarterly, Vol.2, No.4, 26-44
Gluckman, M. (1944): The logic of African science and witchcraft, in: Rhodes-Livingstone Journal, No.1, 61-71
Griaule, M. (1952): Le savoir des Dogons, in: Journal de la Societé des Africanistes, Paris, Vol.22, 27-42
Grootaert, J. (1947): De Bantu-logica toegepast op de Bantoe-filosofie, in: Band, Leopoldstadt, Vol.6, No.2, 52-58
Gwarzo, Hassan Ibrahim (1967): The theory of chronograms as expounded by the 18th century Katsina astronomer-mathematician Muhammad B. Muhammad, in: Research Bulletin of the Center of Arabic Documentation, University of Ibadan, Ibadan (Nigeria), Vol.3, No.2, 116-123
Hamelberger, E. (1952): A escrita na areia, in: Portugal em África, Lisbon, No.53, 323-330
Harris, Mary a.o. (1988): Cabbage, Mathematics in Work, Institute of Education, University of London
Hazoume, Marc-Laurent (1983): La numération en Gun, Gen et en Bariba, in: Langues Africaines et échange des connaissances, Conseil Interafricain de Philosophie
Hegba, M. (1958): Plaidoyer pour les logiques de l'Afrique Noire, in: Aspects de la culture noire, Paris, 104-116
Henry-Carmichael, Alberta (1986): The development of mathematical concepts and skills among unschooled Nupe children, Ph.D. dissertation, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (Nigeria)
Herskovitch, M.J. (1939): The numerical system of the Kru, in: Man, London, Vol.39, Item 148, 154-155
Hogbe-Nlend, Henri (1985): L'Afrique, berceau de la mathématique mondiale?, United Nations University, Nairobi, 11 p.
Houtondji, Paulin (1987): Philosophical Research in Africa. A bibliographic survey, Inter-African Council for Philosophy, Cotonou, Benin, Part 1: 1900-1985, Vol.1: A-M, 339 p.
Humphrey, S.C. (1990): Origins and diffusion of science (the invisible university), paper presented at the 17th International Congress of Historical Sciences, Madrid (mimeo)
Hyombo, O. (1979): La logique d'Aristote et des logiques d'Afrique, Faculty of Catholic Theology, Kinshasa
INRAP (1986): Langues, cultures et mathématiques, in: Plot, Orléans, Vol.34, 9-12
IREM (1977): Mathématique, langues africaines et français, Niamey, 115 p.
Ismael, Abdulcarimo (1991): On the origin of the concepts of "even" and "odd" in Mozambican cultures, paper presented at the 3rd Pan-African Congress of Mathematicians, Nairobi
Jacobsen, Edward (1984): What goals for mathematics teaching in African schools?, in: Educafrica, UNESCO, Dakar, Vol.10, 118-134
Jahoda, G. (1976): Reproduction of Kohs-type figures by Ghanaian children, in: British Journal of Psychology, 67(2), 203-211
Jaritz, Wolfgang (1983): Über Bahnen auf Billardtischen - oder: eine mathematische Untersuchung von Ideogrammen Angolanischer Herkunft, in: Berichte der Mathematisch-Statistischen Sektion im Forschungszentrum Graz (Austria), Vol.207, 1-22
Joseph, George Ghevarughese (1987): Foundations of Eurocentrism in Mathematics, in: Race & Class, London, Vol. XXVIII, No.3, 13-28
Joseph, George Ghevarughese (1989): Eurocentrism in mathematics: the historical dimensions, in: C.Keitel, P.Damerow, A.Bishop, P.Gerdes (ed.), Mathematics, Education, and Society, UNESCO, Paris, 32-35
Joseph, George Ghevarughese (1991): Crest of the Peacock: non-European Roots of Mathematics, Tauris, London
Junod, H. (1934): Usos e costumes dos Bantos, Lourenço Marques (1974, 2nd edition), 1140 p.
Kabasele, Kabala (1976): Propos sur la logique Bantu, University of Dakar, Dakar
Kagame, Alexis (1976): The empirical perception of time and the conception of history in Bantu thought, in: Cultures and Time, UNESCO, Paris, 89-116
Kane, Abdoulaye (1982): Topologie archaique, in: Revue Senegalaise de Philosophie, Dakar, Vol.1, 75-90
Kane, Elimane Abdoulaye (1987): Les systèmes de numération parlée des groupes ouest-atlantiques et Mandé. Contribution à la recherche sur les fondements et l'histoire de la pensée logique et mathématique en Afrique de l'Ouest, Doctoral dissertation ('Thèse d'Etat'), University of Lille III (France), 2 volumes.
Kani, A.M. (1986): The history of 'Ilm al-Hisab' (Arithmetics) in Nigeria with emphasis on Kanem-Borno and Hausaland to 1860, paper presented at the 2nd Pan-African Congress of Mathematicians, Jos (mimeo)
Keller, J. (1902): Astronomische Ansichten der Isubu in Kamerun, in: Zeitschrift fur Afrikanische und Ozeanische Sprachen, Vol.6
Kibasomba, Man Byemba (1980): Sur la logique africaine: procès de formalisation, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi (Zaire)
Ki-Zerbo, Joseph (1980): General History of Africa, Vol.1: Methodology and African prehistory, UNESCO, Paris
Ki-Zerbo, Joseph (1990): Educate or perish, Africa's impass and prospects, UNESCO-UNICEF, Dakar / Abidjan, 109 p.
Klepzig, Fritz (1972): Kinderspiele der Bantu; Verlag Anton Hain, Meisenheim am Glan (FRG), 563 p.
Kubik, Gerhard (1986): African graphic systems, in: Muntu, revue scientifique et culturelle du Centre International des Civilisations Bantu (CICIBA), Libreville (Gabon), Vol.4-5, 71-135.
Kubik, Gerhard (1987a): Tusona/Sona - an ideographic script found among the Luchazi and Cokwe of eastern Angola and adjacent areas, in: T.Obenga (Ed.), Les peuples Bantu: migrations, expansion et identité culturelle, Éditions l'Harmattan, Paris, 443-483
Kubik, Gerhard (1987b): African space/time concepts and the tusona ideographs in Luchazi culture with a discussion of possible cross-parallels in music, in: African Music, Grahamstown (South Africa), Vol.6, 53-89
Kubik, Gerhard (1988): Tusona-Luchazi ideographs, a graphic tradition as practised by a people of West-Central Africa, Verlag Stiglmayr, Fohrenau (Austria), 311 p.
Kubik, Gerhard (1990): Visimu vya mukatikati - dilemma tales and 'arithmetical puzzles' collected among the Valuchazi, in: South African Journal of African Languages, Pretoria, Vol.10, No.2, 59-68
Lacroix, Pierre-François (1972): L'expression du temps dans quelques langues de l'Ouest africain, Selaf, Paris
Lagercrantz, Sture (1968): African tally-strings, in: Anthropos, Sankt Augustin (Germany), Vol.63, 115-128
Langdon, Nigel (1989): Cultural starting points for mathematics: a view from Ghana, in: Science Eduaction Newsletter, British Council, London, No.87, 1-3
Langdon, Nigel (1990): Cultural starting points, paper presented at SEACME 5, Brunei, 19 p. (mimeo)
Lassa, Peter (1980): The problems of teaching and of learning mathematics in a second language (African experiment), paper presented at ICME IV, Berkeley, 18 p. (mimeo)
Lea, Hilda (1987): Traditional mathematics in Botswana, in: Mathematics Teaching, Vol.119, London, 9 p.
Lea, Hilda (1989a): Informal mathematics in Botswana, University of Botswana, Gaberone, 17 p.
Lea, Hilda (1989b): Mathematics in a cultural setting, University of Botswana, Gaberone, 10 p.
Lea, Hilda (1990a): Informal Mathematics in Botswana: Mathematics in the Central Kalahari, University of Botswana, Gaberone, 9 p.
Lea, Hilda (1990b): Informal Mathematics in Botswana: Spatial concepts in the Kalahari, Faculty of Education, University of Botswana, 9 p.
Leach, M. (1975): The effects of learning on the pictorial depth perception of Shona children, in: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Washington, Vol.6, No.4, 457-470
Leach, M. (1978): Pictorial depth and space, in: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Washington, Vol.9, No.4, 417-438
Lumpkin, Beatrice (1983): Africa in the mainstream of mathematics history, in: I.van Sertima (ed.), Blacks in science, Transaction Books, New Brunswick NJ and London, 100-109
Lynch, B.M. and L.Robbins (1983): Namoratunga: the first archaeo-astronomical evidence in sub-Saharan Africa, in: Blacks in Science; Transaction Books, New Brunswick NJ and London, 51-56
Mahajane, Samuel (1989): On geometrical knowledge applied in the construction of traditional graneries for maize and beans in southern Mozambique, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo (unpublished course paper), 10 p.
Mann, Adolphus (1886): Notes on the Numeral System of the Yoruba Nation, in: Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, London, Vol.16, 59-64
Marshack, Alexander (1991): The roots of civilization, Colonial Hill, Mount Kisco, NY
Mashinda, Kazadi wa (1988): Some logical and linguistic problems met by African pupils (in Zaire), paper presented at the 6th International Congress on Mathematics Education, Budapest
Masinga, L.C. (1987): The development of mathematics education in Swaziland in the past two decades, in: Proceedings of the 6th Symposium of the Southern Africa Mathematical Sciences Association, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, 215-228
Mathews, H.F. (1964): Duodecimal numeration in Northern Nigeria, in: The Nigerian Field, Vol.34, No.4, 181-191
Matthews, Thomas (1974): Mural painting in South Africa, in: African Arts, Los Angeles, January 1974, 28-33
Mellin-Olsen, Stieg (1986): Culture as a key theme for mathematics education, in: Mellin-Olsen, S. & Hoines, M. (ed.), Mathematics and culture, a seminar report, Radal, 99-121
Meurant, Georges (1987): Abstractions aux royaumes des Kuba, Éditions Dapper, Paris, 205 p.
MINEDAF V (1982): Final report from the Vth Conference of Ministers of Education and those Responsible for Economic Planning in African Member States, UNESCO, Paris
Mizone, Michel (1971): Les jeux stratégiques camerounais et leurs aspects mathématiques, in: Annales de la Faculté des Sciences du Cameroun, No.6, 19-38
Mmari, Geoffrey (1978): The United Republic of Tanzania: mathematics for social transformation, in: F.Swetz (ed.), Socialist Mathematics Education, Burgundy Press, Southampton PA, 301-350
Mmari, Geoffrey (1980): Secondary Mathematics in the United Republic of Tanzania, in: Studies in Mathematics Education, Vol.1, UNESCO, 106-126
Mmari, Geoffrey (1991): On the history of the Mathematical Association of Tanzania, MAT, Dar es Salaam, 55 p.
Moore, Charles (1986): The implication of string figures for native American mathematics education, Northern Arizona University, 17 p. (mimeo)
Mugambi, Paul (1991): On mathematics in Uganda, personal reminiscences, 3rd Pan-African Congress of Mathematicians, Nairobi
Musa, Mamman (1987): The mathematical heritage of the Hausa people: a resource guide for mathematics teaching, M.Ed. thesis, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (Nigeria)
Mve Ondo, B. (1990): L'Owani et le Songa. Deuz jeux de calculs africains, Collection Découvertes du Gabon, CCF St Exepéry/Sépia, Libreville (Gabon)
NCTM (1984): Multicultural mathematics - Posters and activities, Reston
N'Guessan, Assandé (1988): L'awélé - acquisition des tactiques et des stratégies, in: Bureau, R. (1988), 230-244
Nicolas, G. (1968): Un système numérique symbolique: le quatre, le trois et le sept dans la cosmologie d'une societé hausa (vallée de Maradi), in: Cahiers d'Études Africaines, No.32, 566-616
Nicholson, John & Seddon, G.M. (1977): The understanding of pictorial spatial relationships by Nigerian secondary school students, in: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Washington, Vol.8, No.4, 381-399
Njock, Georges E. (1985): Mathématiques et environnement socio-culturel en Afrique Noire, in: Présence Africaine, New Bilingual Series, no.135, 3rd Quarterly, 3-21
Nsimbi, M.B. (1968): Omweso: a game people play in Uganda, African Studies Center, Occasional Paper, No.6, Los Angeles
NTTC (1976): Litema, designs collected by students of the National Teacher Training College of Lesotho, Maseru, 17 p.
NUL (1980): Language in the mathematics and science lesson, National University of Lesotho, Roma, 25 p.
A.V.O. (1936): The Hima method of counting, in: Uganda Journal, Vol.4, No.1, 91
Obenga, Théophile (1973): Système opératoire négro-africain, in: T.Obenga, L'Afrique dans l'Antiquité. Egypte pharaonique - Afrique noire, Présence Africaine, Paris, 333-353
Obenga, Théophile (1987): Notes sur les connaissances astronomiques bantu, in: MUNTU, revue scientifique et culturelle du CICIBA, Libreville (Gabon), Vol.6, 63-78
Obenga, Théophile (1991): La philosophie africaine, Présence Africaine, Paris
Ohuche, R.Ogbonna (1978): Change in Mathematics Education since the late 1950's - ideas and realisation: Nigeria, in: Educational Studies in Mathematics, Dordrecht, Vol.9, No.3, 271-282
Ojoade, J.Olowa (1988): The number 3 in African Lore, in: Abacus, the Journal of the Mathematical Association of Nigeria, Ilorin (Nigeria), Vol.18, No.1, 21-43
Oladimeji, F. (1977): A brief study of Yoruba traditional mathematics, B.Ed. project, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (Nigeria)
Page, Donna (1987): Two, three, four: multiples in African art, Muhlenberg College, Allentown, 36 p.
Pankhurst, Richard (1971): Gabata and related board games of Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa, in: Ethiopia Observer, Vol.14, No.3, 154-206
Pappademos, John (1983): An outline of Africa's role in the history of physics, in: Blacks in Science, Transaction Books, New Brunswick, 177-196
Paul, Sigrid (1971): Afrikanische Konzentrationsspiele, in: Afrikanische Sprachen und Kulturen, Hamburg, 358-367
Paula, Luíz de & Paula, Eunice de (1988): Xema'eãwa, jogos de barbante entre os índios Tarirapé, University of Campinas (Brazil), 42 p. (mimeo)
Petitto, Andrea (1978): Knowledge of arithmetic among schooled and unschooled tailors and cloth merchants in Ivory Coast, Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Cornell University, New York
Petitto, Andrea (1982): Practical arithmetic and transfer, a study among west African tribesmen, in: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol.13, No.1, 15-28
Petitto, Andrea & Ginsburg, Herbert (1982): Mental arithmetic in Africa and America: strategies, principles, and explanations, in: International Journal of Psychology, Vol.17, 81-102
Posner, Jill (1978): The development of mathematical knowledge among Baoulé and Dioula children in Ivory Coast, Cornell University, New York (Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation)
Posner, Jill & Baroody, Arthur (1979): Number conservation in two west African societies, in: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Washington, Vol.10, No.4, 479-496
Posner, Jill (1982): The development of mathematical knowledge in two west African societies, in: Child Development, Chicago, No.53, 200-208
Prussin, Labelle (1986): Hatumere, Islamic design in West Africa, University of California Press, Berkeley, 306 p.
Pythiam, J.E. (1971): Mathematical Kujitegemea in Tanzania, in: Educational Studies in Mathematics, Dordrecht / Boston, Vol.4, No.2, 187-200
Ratteray, Joan Davis (1991): African-based themes for mathematics classrooms, in: Research Notes on Africa, Institute for Independent Education, Washington, 16-27
Raum, Otto (1938): Arithmetic in Africa, Evans Brothers Ltd., London, 94 p.
Redinha, José (1948): As pinturas rupestres do Alto-Zambeze e primeira tentativa da sua interpretação, in: Publicações Culturais da Companhia de Diamantes de Angola, Lisbon, Vol.2, 65-91
Retschitzki, Jean (1988): L'apprentissage des stratégies dans le jeu d'awélé, in: Bureau, R. (1988), 213-229
Rohrmann, G. (1974): House decoration in southern Africa, in: African Arts, Los Angeles, Spring 1974, 18-21
Russ, Laurence (1984): Mancala games, Reference Publications, Algonac, Michigan, 111 p.
Santos, Eduardo dos (1960): Sobre a matemática dos Quiocos de Angola, in: Garcia da Orta, Lisbon, Vol.8, No.2, 257-271
Santos, Eduardo dos (1961): Contribuição para o estudo das pictografias e ideogramas dos Quiocos, in: Estudos sobre a etnologia do ultramar português, Lisbon, Vol.2, 17-131
Schmidl, Marianne (1915): Zahl und Zählen in Afrika, in: Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien, Vienna, Vol.45, 165-209
Seidenberg, A. (1959): On the eastern Bantu root for six, in: African Studies, Vol.18, No. 1, 28-34
Seidenberg, A. (1963): On the eastern Bantu root for six: correction, in: African Studies, Vol. 22, No. 3, 116-117
Seidenberg, A. (1976): km ,a Widespread Root for Ten, in: Archive for History of Exact Sciences, Berlin, Vol.16, No.1, 1-16
Seka, B.R.(1987): History of mathematics in Tanzania, Institute of Education, Dar es Salaam, 12 p. (mimeo)
Serpell, R. (1971): Preference for specific orientation of abstract shapes among Zambian children, in: Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology, 2(3), 225-239
Sertina, I. van (1983): Blacks in science, ancient and modern, Transaction Books, New Brunswick NJ and London
Shapiro, M. (1960): The rotation of drawings by illiterate Africans, in: Journal of Soocial Psychology, 52, 17-30
Shirley, Lawrence (1980): Recent developments in mathematics education in Nigeria, paper presented at the 4th International Congress on Mathematics Education, Berkeley, 10 p. (mimeo)
Shirley, Lawrence (1986a): History of mathematics in Nigerian mathematics classrooms: values and problems, in: Abacus, Journal of the Mathematical Association of Nigeria, Ilorin, Vol.12, 123-133
Shirley, Lawrence (1986b): Ethnomathematics and the history of African mathematics, paper presented at the 2nd Pan-African Congress of Mathematicians, Jos, 8 p.(mimeo)
Shirley, Lawrence (1988a): Historical and ethnomathematical algorithms for classroom use, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (Nigeria), 12 p. (mimeo)
Shirley, Lawrence (1988b): Counting in Nigerian languages, short communication, VI International Congress on Mathematics Education, Budapest
Soares, Daniel (1991): On popular counting practices in Mozambique, paper presented at the 8th Symposium of the Southern Africa Mathematical Sciences Association, Maputo
Struik, D.J. (1980): Why study the history of mathematics?, The Journal of Undergraduate Mathematics and its Applications, Cambridge Ma, Vol.1, No.1, 3-28
Stuhlmann, Franz (1910): Handwerk und Industrie in Ostafrika, kulturgeschichtliche Betrachtungen, Friedrichsen, Hamburg, 163 p.
Tarbo, B.T. (1987): A comparative study of mathematics concepts and skills possessed by Tiv and Idoma unschooled children in Bebue state, Nigeria, M.Ed. thesis, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria (Nigeria)
Tekane, I. (1963): Symmetrical pattern completions by illiterate and literate Bantu, in: Psychologia Africana, 10, 63-68
Thomas, N.W. (1920): Duodecimal base of enumeration, in: Man, London, Vol.20, 25-29
Thomas-Emeagwali, Gloria T. (1987): Reflections on the development of science in the Islamic world and its diffusion into Nigeria before 1903, in: Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society.
Thomas-Emeagwali, Gloria T. (1988): Oral historiography and the history of technology in Nigeria: problems and prospects, in: Muntu, Libreville, Vol.8, 65-73
Thornton, Robert (1980): Space, time, and culture among the Iraqw of Tanzania, Academic Press, New York, London,etc., 275 p.
Torday, Emil (1925): On trail of the Bushongo, Lippincott, Philadelphia & Seeley, Service & Co., London
Torrey, Volta (1963): Old African number games?, in: Science Digest, New York
Townshend, P. (1979): African Mankala in anthropological perspective, in: Current Anthropology, Vol.20, 794-796
UNESCO (1975): Final report of the symposium 'Interactions between linguistics and mathematical education', Paris, 136 p.
UNESCO (1980): Historical relations across the Indian Ocean, Paris, 192 p.
Vergani, Maria Teresa (1981): Analyse numérique des idéogrammes Tshokwe de l'Angola, University of Geneva, Geneva, 380 p.
Wallman, Sandra (1965): The communication of measurement in Basutoland, in: Human Organization, Vol.24, No.3, 11 p.
Washburn, Dorothy & Crowe, Donald (1988): Symmetries of Culture, Theory and Practice of Plane Pattern Analysis, University of Washington Press, Washington, 312 p.
Washburn, Dorothy (1990): Style, classification and ethnicity: design categories on Bakuba raffia cloth, American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia
Wedgwood, Camilla & Schapera, I. (1930): String figures from Bechuanaland protectorate, in: Bantu Studies, Johannesburg, Vol.IV, 251-268
Weule, Karl (1921): Die Anfänge der Naturbeherschung, Vol.1: Frühformen der Mechanik, Kosmos, Stuttgart, 76 p.
Whitcombe, Allen & Donaldson, Maureen (1988): Shongo networks, a multicultural theme for the classroom, in: Mathematics in School (UK), November, 34-38
Wilder, R.L. (1975): Review of AFRICA COUNTS by Claudia Zaslavsky, in Historia Mathematica, New York, Vol.2, 207-210
Williams, A. (1978): Change in Mathematics Education since the late 1950's - ideas and realisation: Sierra Leone, in: Educational Studies in Mathematics, Dordrecht / Boston, Vol.9, No.3, 297-302
Williamson, John (1943): Dabida numerals, in: African Studies, Johannesburg, Vol.2, 215-216
Williamson, Kay & A.O.Timitimi (1970): A note on Ijo number symbolism, in: African Notes, Institute of African Studies, Ibadan (Nigeria), Vol.5, No.3, 9-16
Yohannes, G. (1974): Linguistic problems in mathematics education in Ethiopia, Paris, UNESCO, 12 p.
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1970a): Black African traditional mathematics, in: The Mathematics Teacher, Vol.63, No.4, Reston, 345-356
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1970b): Mathematics of the Yoruba people and of their neighbours in Southern Nigeria, in: Two-Year College Mathematics Journal, 1, 76-99
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1973a): Africa Counts: number and pattern in African culture, Prindle, Weber and Schmidt, Boston, 328 p.(out of print); paperback edition (available): Lawrence Hill Books, Brooklyn, NY, 1979; Hungarian translation: Africa Szamol, Gondalet, Budapest, 1984
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1973b): Mathematics in the study of African culture, in: Arithmetic Teacher, 20, 532-535
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1975): African network patterns, in: Mathematics Teaching, 73, 12-13
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1976a): The Afro-American mathematical heritage, in: Outlook, 20, 3-8
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1976b): African stone game, in: Teacher, 94 (Oct.), 110-112
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1976c): African numbers, in: Teacher, 94 (Nov.), 91-96
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1977): The African stone game, in: Mathematical Digest 26 (Cape Town)
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1979): Symmetry along with other mathematical concepts and applications in African life, in: Applications in School Mathematics, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, Reston Vi, 82-97
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1980): Count on your finger: African style, Crowell, New York
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1981a): The shape of a symbol / the symbolism of shape, in: Teacher (USA), Vol.98, 37-43
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1981b): Networks - New York York subways, a piece of string, and African traditions, in: Arithmetic Teacher, 29(2), 42-47
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1982): Tic Tac Toe and other three-in-a-row games, from Ancient Egypt to the modern computor, Harper & Row, New York and Fitzhenry & Whiteside, Toronto
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1989a): Integrating mathematics with the study of cultural traditions, in: C.Keitel, P.Damerow, A.Bishop, P.Gerdes (ed.), Mathematics, Education, and Society, UNESCO, Paris, 14-15
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1989b): People who live in round houses, in: Arithmetic Teacher, Reston Vi, September, 18-21
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1991a): Multicultural mathematics education for the middle grades, in: Arithmetic Teacher, Reston, Feb.1991, 8-13
Zaslavsky, Claudia (1991b): Women as the first mathematicians, in: Women in Mathematics Education Newsletter, Vol.XIV, No.1, 4
Zepp, Raymond (1982a): Bilinguals' understanding of logicalconnectives in English and Sesotho, in: Educational Studies in Mathematics, Dordrecht, Vol.13, 205-221
Zepp, Raymond (1982b): Correlation of English, mathematics, and science in a Lesotho high school, in: Journal of Southern African Studies, Roma, Vol.1, 8-11
Zepp, Raymond (1983a): Inclusive disjunction in West African languages, in: Perceptual and Motor Skills, Vol.56, 322
Zepp, Raymond (1983b): A West african replication of the four card problem, in: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol.14, No.3, 323-327
Zepp, Raymond (1983c): L'apprentissage dans les langues de Côte d'Ivoire, Institut de Linguistique Appliqueé, Université d'Abidjan, Vol.99, 121 p.
Zepp, Raymond (1990): Language and mathematics education, API Press, Hong Kong
Paulus Gerdes
Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Mozambique's Higher Pedagogical Institute
P.O.Box 3276, Maputo, Mozambique
(Fax: 258-1-422113)
Third Pan-African Congress of
Mathematicians
Nairobi, 20-28 August 1991
CLICK IF WOULD YOU LIKE TO MAKE SUGGESTIONS
This web page is the property of the African Mathematical Union. It was created and is maintained by
Dr. Scott W.
Williams, Professor,
The Department of Mathematics,
State University of New York at Buffalo
